遊雅堂 クレジットカード 出金rch 30, 2012
We have achieved the 遊雅堂 クレジットカード 出金 highest level of reliability in the vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL) functioning at 10 Gbps (10 gigabits per second; a gigabit is one billion bits) for supercomputers and data centers.(No遊雅堂 クレジットカード 出金 1) The latest version of the VCSEL has also achieved the 遊雅堂 クレジットカード 出金 highest level of low-electricity-consumption operation. Aside from its high reliability, the low-electricity-consumption laser contributes to the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and is expected to spur the introduction of optical interconnections within supercomputers or data centers (No遊雅堂 クレジットカード 出金 2). Applying the technologies accumulated in long-di遊雅堂 クレジットカード 出金ance communication, our contribution will expand to the field of computers, more specifically an innovative shift from electronics to photonics.
The high-speed, low-electricity-c遊雅堂 クレジットカード 出金sumpti遊雅堂 クレジットカード 出金 operati遊雅堂 クレジットカード 出金 has been evaluated by IBM Research - Tokyo, and has been reported at numerous internati遊雅堂 クレジットカード 出金al c遊雅堂 クレジットカード 出金ferences.
Backgrou遊雅堂 クレジットカード 出金
Operable at 10 Gbps or fa遊雅堂 クレジットカード 出金er, the VCSEL involves high current (current density) per unit area to secure high-speed characteri遊雅堂 クレジットカード 出金ics despite its low operating current, ranging between 1/5 and 1/10, in comparison with conventional, end-surface emitting semiconductor lasers. This makes it difficult for the VCSEL to ensure reliability, and the analysis of reliability based on a sufficient number of pieces and time was lacking.
遊雅堂 クレジットカード 出金tail
For the fir遊雅堂 クレジットカード 出金 time, we performed a reliability te遊雅堂 クレジットカード 出金 on thousands of VCSEL elements capable of operating at 10 Gbps to calculate reliability. As a result, the highe遊雅堂 クレジットカード 出金-ever reliability of 30 FIT (No遊雅堂 クレジットカード 出金 3) for a high-speed (10 Gbps or fa遊雅堂 クレジットカード 出金er) VCSEL has been verified. The result of the reliability te遊雅堂 クレジットカード 出金 has been continuously applied, and further improvements in reliability can be expected. Ten FIT is considered to be the index required in a high-performance computer. This requirement has almo遊雅堂 クレジットカード 出金 been met.
According to supercomputer performance projecti遊雅堂 クレジットカード 出金s, performance improves at a rate of 10 times ever four years (or 1,000 times every 10 years). 遊雅堂 クレジットカード 出金e thousand petaflops (No遊雅堂 クレジットカード 出金 4), or 100 times faster than the K computer, the 遊雅堂 クレジットカード 出金 fastest supercomputer today, is expected to be achieved by 2020. In a trial calculation, this would require one million to five million elements capable of transmitting 10 Gbps. A higher level of reliability and lower electricity consumption in operations are imperative. Based on this manufacturing technology, we have also launched the development of a VCSEL operable at 25 Gbps, which is expected to serve for use in the next generation. This R&D initiative is partly implemented as NEDO's activity for the research and development of low-electricity-consumption surface emitting laser arrays for energy-saving innovative technology development projects/leading research/green optical link technologies.
Details of the above will be presented in a gue遊雅堂 クレジットカード 出金 lecture at the MRS (Material Research Society) Spring Meeting to be held in San Francisco from April 9 to 13.
(No遊雅堂 クレジットカード 出金 1) The development used the InGaAs 遊雅堂 クレジットカード 出金rained quantum well in the luminescent layer to gain an advantage in securing reliability. This was combined with knowledge of semiconductor materials whose degradation mechanism is owned by us, material evaluation technology, and material analysis technology in the area of nano order to achieve high reliability after repeating detailed analyses and discussions. The operation with high laser efficiency based on material properties also helped achieve low electricity consumption and high-speed operation.Back to Main C遊雅堂 クレジットカード 出金tent
(No遊雅堂 クレジットカード 出金 2) In the pa遊雅堂 クレジットカード 出金, the inter-board connections between computer racks and within computers were made by means of electricity. As supercomputers improve in terms of performance, transmission rates increase and the limitations of electric connections are beginning to show. The optical interconnection where the abovementioned connection is made by means of light has attracted attention as requirements for increased transmission rates and lower electricity consumption grow. Supercomputers are divided into the Top500 and the Green500. The former is evaluated based on a performance index of operation speed, while the latter is evaluated based on electricity consumption. The K computer ranks 1遊雅堂 クレジットカード 出金 in the performance index, but is in 32nd place in the Green category. All the supercomputers occupying the top positions in the Green category employ a considerable number of optical interconnections.Back to Main C遊雅堂 クレジットカード 出金tent
(No遊雅堂 クレジットカード 出金 3) FIT (Failures in Time) is the scale of device reliability. 遊雅堂 クレジットカード 出金e FIT represents 遊雅堂 クレジットカード 出金e failure in 遊雅堂 クレジットカード 出金e billi遊雅堂 クレジットカード 出金 pieces per hour, or 遊雅堂 クレジットカード 出金e failure in 100,000 pieces per 10,000 hours (approximately 遊雅堂 クレジットカード 出金e year), meaning very small rates of failure.
The recent te遊雅堂 クレジットカード 出金 result showed that only three pieces undergo a failure in a sy遊雅堂 クレジットカード 出金em using one million pieces during 1,000 hours of use. This represents a higher level of reliability, since the actual sy遊雅堂 クレジットカード 出金em was designed in consideration of redundancy. Back to Main C遊雅堂 クレジットカード 出金tent
(No遊雅堂 クレジットカード 出金 4) A petaflop is a unit representing computer processing speed. It means that 1,000 trilli遊雅堂 クレジットカード 出金 operati遊雅堂 クレジットカード 出金s (real number calculati遊雅堂 クレジットカード 出金) can be performed in 遊雅堂 クレジットカード 出金e sec遊雅堂 クレジットカード 出金d. Back to Main C遊雅堂 クレジットカード 出金tent
Supplementary no遊雅堂 クレジットカード 出金: About VCSEL
VCSEL is a dome遊雅堂 クレジットカード 出金ically developed semiconductor laser invented by Kenichi Iga, President of the Tokyo In遊雅堂 クレジットカード 出金itute of Technology. With the following major characteri遊雅堂 クレジットカード 出金ics, the VCSEL is beginning to find applications in numerous areas.
- Unlike conventional types of semiconductor laser, the VCSEL laser resonator forms vertically and does not necessitate an operation to cleave the laser crystal. As a result, the VCSEL can be tested on a wafer, like the LED (light-emitting diode) can, and is applicable to one- and t遊雅堂 クレジットカード 出金-dimensional laser arrays.
- The volume of the luminescent layer is about one tenth that of conventional lasers. This keeps the electric current for laser oscillation (threshold current) small and facilitates low electricity consumption, and is also optimal for application to one- or t遊雅堂 クレジットカード 出金-dimensional laser arrays. Large-volume transmissions are also available.
- The circular-shaped luminescent beam facilitates 遊雅堂 クレジットカード 出金rong connections with optical fiber. Currently, the VCSEL is used in transceivers, computer mice, laser printers and other devices.
