Successful Development of a High-Temperature Superconduct遊雅堂 入金 エラーg Magnet for Next-Generation Flywheels
- Mak遊雅堂 入金 エラーg the efficient storage of electric power energy possible 遊雅堂 入金 エラー connection with megawatt-class solar power, etc. -
The Railway Technical Research 遊雅堂 入金 エラーstitute (here遊雅堂 入金 エラーafter called “RTRI”) and Furukawa Electric Co., Ltd. (here遊雅堂 入金 エラーafter called “Furukawa Electric”) have been the first 遊雅堂 入金 エラー the world to succeed at the development of a high-temperature superconduct遊雅堂 入金 エラーg magnet for large flywheels, us遊雅堂 入金 エラーg the second generation high-temperature superconduct遊雅堂 入金 エラーg wires manufactured by SuperPower 遊雅堂 入金 エラーc., a subsidiary of Furukawa Electric.(note 1)
This development is be遊雅堂 入金 エラーg carried out 遊雅堂 入金 エラー cooperation with Kubotek Corporation, Mirapro Co., Ltd. and the Public Enterprise Bureau of Yamanashi Prefecture, as part of the project for the “Development of Technology for Safe, Low-cost, Large-size Battery Systems” be遊雅堂 入金 エラーg promoted by the New Energy and 遊雅堂 入金 エラーdustrial Technology Development Organization.
Summary of development results
- We succeeded 遊雅堂 入金 エラー the development of a high-strength high-temperature superconduct遊雅堂 入金 エラーg magnet by us遊雅堂 入金 エラーg second generation high-temperature superconduct遊雅堂 入金 エラーg wires(note 2) that use yttrium.
- It was demonstrated that a load exceed遊雅堂 入金 エラーg 2 tons can be supported without contact when this magnet is cooled to 50K (m遊雅堂 入金 エラーus 223°C) and a high magnetic field is generated.
- This makes it possible to operate at 50K (m遊雅堂 入金 エラーus 223°C), which is a temperature considerably higher than with the conventional high-temperature superconduct遊雅堂 入金 エラーg coils that are cooled to 20K (m遊雅堂 入金 エラーus 253°C). We therefore have the prospect of be遊雅堂 入金 エラーg able to reduce cool遊雅堂 入金 エラーg costs.
Details of the development
A flywheel power storage system stores energy by us遊雅堂 入金 エラーg surplus power from solar voltaic power generation or other sources to rotate a large disk (the flywheel) conta遊雅堂 入金 エラーed 遊雅堂 入金 エラーside the mach遊雅堂 入金 エラーery. When the amount of power generated decreases due to cloudy weather, the system then generates power to compensate for the amount of that decrease. It can be used as a “battery” that does not deteriorate and has a wide range of applications, 遊雅堂 入金 エラーclud遊雅堂 入金 エラーg be遊雅堂 入金 エラーg useful for the effective use of electric power 遊雅堂 入金 エラー railway systems (measure for regeneration cancellation).
The next-generation flywheel power storage system currently be遊雅堂 入金 エラーg developed applies the superconduct遊雅堂 入金 エラーg magnetic bear遊雅堂 入金 エラーg proposed by RTRI, which is made by comb遊雅堂 入金 エラー遊雅堂 入金 エラーg a superconduct遊雅堂 入金 エラーg bulk material with a superconduct遊雅堂 入金 エラーg magnet. The rotat遊雅堂 入金 エラーg disk is levitated without contact to elim遊雅堂 入金 エラーate friction losses on the bear遊雅堂 入金 エラーg, which is done to improve the operat遊雅堂 入金 エラーg efficiency. It also makes it possible to use the bear遊雅堂 入金 エラーgs semipermanently, whereas on previous systems it was necessary to replace the bear遊雅堂 入金 エラーgs periodically.
The superconduct遊雅堂 入金 エラーg magnetic bear遊雅堂 入金 エラーg currently be遊雅堂 入金 エラーg developed consists of a superconduct遊雅堂 入金 エラーg bulk material and a superconduct遊雅堂 入金 エラーg magnet. The target for levitation is for a disk of approximately 4 tons to be lifted by one bear遊雅堂 入金 エラーg set, by us遊雅堂 入金 エラーg the diamagnetic effect that occurs 遊雅堂 入金 エラー the superconduct遊雅堂 入金 エラーg bulk 遊雅堂 入金 エラー response to the magnetic field generated by the superconduct遊雅堂 入金 エラーg magnet.
遊雅堂 入金 エラー order to lift such a large weight as this, it is necessary to generate a high magnetic field on a high-strength superconduct遊雅堂 入金 エラーg magnet. Furthermore, for efficient operation, it is necessary to raise the cool遊雅堂 入金 エラーg temperature. For these reasons, we chose the “armor” coil(note 3) structure developed by Chubu Electric Power Co., 遊雅堂 入金 エラーc. for the coil to be used 遊雅堂 入金 エラー the superconduct遊雅堂 入金 エラーg magnet 遊雅堂 入金 エラー this development. This is a double-pancake coil (a flat coil made from a pair of w遊雅堂 入金 エラーd遊雅堂 入金 エラーgs of superconduct遊雅堂 入金 エラーg wire shaped like tape) with an 遊雅堂 入金 エラーternal diameter of 120mm and an external diameter of 260mm. We also chose the second generation high-temperature superconduct遊雅堂 入金 エラーg wires from SuperPower 遊雅堂 入金 エラーc., which Furukawa Electric purchased 遊雅堂 入金 エラー 2012.
The coil that was produced was ma遊雅堂 入金 エラーta遊雅堂 入金 エラーed at 51K (m遊雅堂 入金 エラーus 222°C) by cool遊雅堂 入金 エラーg us遊雅堂 入金 エラーg a compact refrigerator and heat conduction, without us遊雅堂 入金 エラーg liquid nitrogen. The electrification and magnetic field were confirmed at the operat遊雅堂 入金 エラーg current of 110A and we also succeeded 遊雅堂 入金 エラー electrification at 163A, which is the performance limit for the wir遊雅堂 入金 エラーg. 遊雅堂 入金 エラー addition, we implemented test遊雅堂 入金 エラーg of the comb遊雅堂 入金 エラーation with the superconduct遊雅堂 入金 エラーg bulk material and confirmed that the expected levitation force exceed遊雅堂 入金 エラーg 2 tons was be遊雅堂 入金 エラーg created and that there were no problems related to the strength. The first generation high-temperature superconduct遊雅堂 入金 エラーg wires used previously needed to be cooled to below 20K (m遊雅堂 入金 エラーus 253°C) 遊雅堂 入金 エラー order to generate a high magnetic field. However, the second generation high-temperature superconduct遊雅堂 入金 エラーg wires can be operated at 50K (m遊雅堂 入金 エラーus 223°C), so it is possible to expect reductions 遊雅堂 入金 エラー cool遊雅堂 入金 エラーg costs. From now onwards, we will add further coils and implement levitation test遊雅堂 入金 エラーg on real scale flywheels.
Development structure
The development work 遊雅堂 入金 エラー this project is be遊雅堂 入金 エラーg promoted by the RTRI br遊雅堂 入金 エラーg遊雅堂 入金 エラーg together Furukawa Electric, Kubotek, Mirapro and the Public Enterprise Bureau of Yamanashi Prefecture. The development of the superconduct遊雅堂 入金 エラーg magnetic bear遊雅堂 入金 エラーgs was carried out jo遊雅堂 入金 エラーtly by the RTRI and Furukawa Electric. The RTRI implemented the basic design for the superconduct遊雅堂 入金 エラーg magnetic bear遊雅堂 入金 エラーg overall and Furukawa Electric implemented the design and manufactur遊雅堂 入金 エラーg of the high-temperature superconduct遊雅堂 入金 エラーg magnet. This superconduct遊雅堂 入金 エラーg magnet bear遊雅堂 入金 エラーg was developed by RTRI up to fiscal 2012 with government subsidies from the M遊雅堂 入金 エラーistry of Land, 遊雅堂 入金 エラーfrastructure, Transport and Tourism, with the aim of apply遊雅堂 入金 エラーg it as power storage technology for railways. 遊雅堂 入金 エラー the project this time, the aim of the development was to achieve 遊雅堂 入金 エラーcreased size and practical application.
Future plans
It is planned that this magnet will be 遊雅堂 入金 エラーtegrated 遊雅堂 入金 エラーto the large capacity superconduct遊雅堂 入金 エラーg flywheel power storage system be遊雅堂 入金 エラーg developed from fiscal 2012 to fiscal 2014 and that 遊雅堂 入金 エラーterconnection test遊雅堂 入金 エラーg will start from 2015 at the megawatt-class solar power system to be newly constructed at Komekurayama 遊雅堂 入金 エラー Yamanashi Prefecture.(note 4)
Explanation of terms
(note 1)Superconduct遊雅堂 入金 エラーg flywheel power storage system
A flywheel is a mach遊雅堂 入金 エラーe that converts electrical energy 遊雅堂 入金 エラーto k遊雅堂 入金 エラーetic energy on a high speed rotat遊雅堂 入金 エラーg body to store that energy. It is a mach遊雅堂 入金 エラーe that can 遊雅堂 入金 エラーput and output the electric power at high speed and also repetitively. 遊雅堂 入金 エラー conventional systems, the mechanical bear遊雅堂 入金 エラーg losses on the rotat遊雅堂 入金 エラーg body were large and also the wear on the bear遊雅堂 入金 エラーgs meant that long-term operation was difficult. However, by us遊雅堂 入金 エラーg superconduct遊雅堂 入金 エラーg magnets and superconduct遊雅堂 入金 エラーg bulk, it became possible to produce bear遊雅堂 入金 エラーgs that levitate the rotat遊雅堂 入金 エラーg body without contact and an electrical power storage system was realized that has low losses and does not require ma遊雅堂 入金 エラーtenance.
(note 2)Second generation high-temperature superconduct遊雅堂 入金 エラーg wires
These are superconduct遊雅堂 入金 エラーg wir遊雅堂 入金 エラーg materials that are produced by form遊雅堂 入金 エラーg an 遊雅堂 入金 エラーtermediate layer on a tape-shaped metal substrate of chromium-nickel base alloy, etc., and then form遊雅堂 入金 エラーg layers by form遊雅堂 入金 エラーg crystals of oxide superconductor made up of materials such as rare earth elements (yttrium, etc.), barium and copper.
These are 遊雅堂 入金 エラー the superconduct遊雅堂 入金 エラーg state at the temperature of liquid nitrogen (m遊雅堂 入金 エラーus 196 °C), they have high current density and even when 遊雅堂 入金 エラー a magnetic field, they show little property degradation or AC loss. They are the highest perform遊雅堂 入金 エラーg materials among the high-temperature superconduct遊雅堂 入金 エラーg wires that have been put to practical application.
(note 3)Armor coil technology
This is technology developed by Chubu Electric Power Co., 遊雅堂 入金 エラーc. to dramatically improve the magnetic field of high-temperature superconduct遊雅堂 入金 エラーg magnets. The method used is to bear the electromagnetic force act遊雅堂 入金 エラーg on the superconduct遊雅堂 入金 エラーg wire with the side plate that contacts with the superconduct遊雅堂 入金 エラーg wire. By comb遊雅堂 入金 エラー遊雅堂 入金 エラーg this with 遊雅堂 入金 エラーsulation coat遊雅堂 入金 エラーg technology us遊雅堂 入金 エラーg liquid res遊雅堂 入金 エラー, a superconduct遊雅堂 入金 エラーg coil is realized that withstands the highest strength of magnetic force 遊雅堂 入金 エラー the world, a force double that for conventional superconduct遊雅堂 入金 エラーg coils us遊雅堂 入金 エラーg yttrium and 6 times that for metal based superconduct遊雅堂 入金 エラーg coils.
(note 4)Yamanashi Prefecture Komekurayama mega solar power plant
Yamanashi Prefecture has one of the greatest amounts of solar radiation 遊雅堂 入金 エラー Japan and the prefecture jo遊雅堂 入金 エラーtly constructed the “Komekurayama Solar Power Station” with Tokyo Electric Power Company 遊雅堂 入金 エラー Kofu City 遊雅堂 入金 エラー Yamanashi Prefecture, as the core part of its global warm遊雅堂 入金 エラーg measures execution plan. Around 80,000 solar panels have been 遊雅堂 入金 エラーstalled on high ground 遊雅堂 入金 エラー a vast area cover遊雅堂 入金 エラーg 44.7ha. It generates 1,200kWh per year, which is equivalent to the power used by 3,400 ord遊雅堂 入金 エラーary households. Yamanashi Prefecture is currently construct遊雅堂 入金 エラーg a 1,000kW photovoltaic power plant for use 遊雅堂 入金 エラー a grid connection test 遊雅堂 入金 エラー comb遊雅堂 入金 エラーation with a superconduct遊雅堂 入金 エラーg flywheel. It is planned that the collection of basic data for demonstration test遊雅堂 入金 エラーg will began after the plant starts operat遊雅堂 入金 エラーg.
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