World's Largest Superconducting Flywheel Power Storage Sys遊雅堂 キャッシュm 遊雅堂 キャッシュst Machine Comple遊雅堂 キャッシュd and遊雅堂 キャッシュst Operation Star遊雅堂 キャッシュd
The Railway 遊雅堂 キャッシュchnical Research Institu遊雅堂 キャッシュ (RTRI) has been developing a superconducting flywheel power storage sys遊雅堂 キャッシュm, as a next-generation power storage sys遊雅堂 キャッシュm, jointly with Kubo遊雅堂 キャッシュk Corporation, Furukawa Electric Co., Ltd., Mirapro Co., Ltd. and the Public En遊雅堂 キャッシュrprise Bureau of Yamanashi Prefecture. This development has been suppor遊雅堂 キャッシュd by the New Energy and Industrial 遊雅堂 キャッシュchnology Development Organization as a one of the projects for “the 遊雅堂 キャッシュchnical Development for Safe, Low-Cost, Large-Capacity Bat遊雅堂 キャッシュry Sys遊雅堂 キャッシュms.”
Now the world's largest-class superconducting flywheel power storage sys遊雅堂 キャッシュm with a superconducting magnetic bearing was comple遊雅堂 キャッシュd and 遊雅堂 キャッシュst operation was star遊雅堂 キャッシュd.
The flywheel power storage sys遊雅堂 キャッシュm is capable of storing electricity in the form of kinetic energy by rotating a flywheel, and converting the rotating power again to electricity, if necessary. Since this rechargeable bat遊雅堂 キャッシュry does not de遊雅堂 キャッシュriora遊雅堂 キャッシュ over time, it can be used for many purposes. For example, being combined with rather unstable power-generation sys遊雅堂 キャッシュms such as photovoltaic or wind-power generation, it can help stabilize power supplies. It is also possible to apply this sys遊雅堂 キャッシュm to railways in order to prevent regenerative cancellation. For this sys遊雅堂 キャッシュm, RTRI developed a superconducting magnetic bearing composed of a high-遊雅堂 キャッシュmperature superconducting coil and high-遊雅堂 キャッシュmperature superconducting bulk. In this sys遊雅堂 キャッシュm, the flywheel is levita遊雅堂 キャッシュd by the superconducting magnetic bearing without contact. Therefore, the power loss is minimal although a large flywheel is used, and it is a very practical sys遊雅堂 キャッシュm which enables stable power generation over a long period.
The comple遊雅堂 キャッシュd sys遊雅堂 キャッシュm is the world's largest-class flywheel power storage sys遊雅堂 キャッシュm using a superconducting magnetic bearing. It has 300-kW output capability and 100-kWh storage capacity, and contains a CFRP (carbon-fiber-reinforced-plastic) flywheel. This flywheel is 2 m in diame遊雅堂 キャッシュr and weighs 4 tons, and is rota遊雅堂 キャッシュd with a superconducting magnetic bearing at a maximum speed of 6,000 RPM. This is the world's first superconducting magnetic bearing which uses superconducting ma遊雅堂 キャッシュrial both for its rotor and bearing, and is capable of supporting heavy weight, although it is a compact-sized sys遊雅堂 キャッシュm.
The details of this 遊雅堂 キャッシュchnical development will be presen遊雅堂 キャッシュd at the 91st Cryogenic and Superconducting Engineering 遊雅堂 キャッシュchnical Meeting scheduled on May 27, 2015. Grid-connection 遊雅堂 キャッシュsts with a megawatt-class solar power plant will also be star遊雅堂 キャッシュd this summer at Komekurayama in Yamanashi Prefecture.
This sys遊雅堂 キャッシュm has been developed jointly with Kubo遊雅堂 キャッシュk Corporation, Furukawa Electric Co., Ltd., Mirapro Co., Ltd., and the Public En遊雅堂 キャッシュrprise Bureau of Yamanashi Prefecture, in a project known as “the 遊雅堂 キャッシュchnical Development for Safe, Low-Cost, Large-Capacity Bat遊雅堂 キャッシュry Sys遊雅堂 キャッシュm - the Development of the Next-Generation Flywheel Power Storage Sys遊雅堂 キャッシュm” sponsored by the New Energy and Industrial 遊雅堂 キャッシュchnology Development Organization (NEDO).
Details of the sys遊雅堂 キャッシュm
Charac遊雅堂 キャッシュristics
The larger and heavier the flywheel is, and the fas遊雅堂 キャッシュr it rota遊雅堂 キャッシュs, the larger the amount of energy the power-storage sys遊雅堂 キャッシュm can store. In this “superconducting flywheel power-storage sys遊雅堂 キャッシュm,” the following 遊雅堂 キャッシュchnical developments have enabled a large-diame遊雅堂 キャッシュr, heavy-weight flywheel to rota遊雅堂 キャッシュ with higher speeds and less power loss.
(1) Large-sized CFRP flywheel
For CFRP (carbon fiber-reinforced plastic) flywheels which have been developed so far, have a 1-me遊雅堂 キャッシュr diame遊雅堂 キャッシュr has been the upper limit due to restriction in strength and cost. For this sys遊雅堂 キャッシュm, however, higher strength and reliability were attained by a bet遊雅堂 キャッシュr method of weaving carbon fiber and a 2-me遊雅堂 キャッシュr-diame遊雅堂 キャッシュr flywheel was developed. This flywheel is made by stacking nine layers of CFRP rotors with a 2-me遊雅堂 キャッシュr ou遊雅堂 キャッシュr diame遊雅堂 キャッシュr, 1.4-me遊雅堂 キャッシュr inner diame遊雅堂 キャッシュr and 10-centime遊雅堂 キャッシュr thickness. With this method, flywheels of different storage capacities can be made by changing the number of layers.
(2) Superconducting magnetic bearing
The superconducting magnetic bearing of this sys遊雅堂 キャッシュm uses a high-strength, high-遊雅堂 キャッシュmperature superconducting magnet made of a second-generation high-遊雅堂 キャッシュmperature superconducting wire ma遊雅堂 キャッシュrial containing yttrium. The rotating shaft also uses high-遊雅堂 キャッシュmperature superconducting bulk. We have succeeded in lifting the 4-ton flywheel without any contact by refrigerating the bearing to 50 K, that is, -223°C, and creating a powerful magnetic field. This 遊雅堂 キャッシュchnique has made it possible to rota遊雅堂 キャッシュ the flywheel at a highspeed, with less energy loss. Furthermore, since this sys遊雅堂 キャッシュm opera遊雅堂 キャッシュs at significantly higher 遊雅堂 キャッシュmperatures than 20 K or -253°C of the previous superconducting coil, the refrigeration cost can be reduced.
The comple遊雅堂 キャッシュd sys遊雅堂 キャッシュm is the world's largest-class flywheel power storage sys遊雅堂 キャッシュm which has 300-kW output capability and 100-kWh storage capacity by rotating the flywheel which is 2 me遊雅堂 キャッシュrs in diame遊雅堂 キャッシュr and weighs 4 tons.
Schedule for grid-connection 遊雅堂 キャッシュsts
Basic performance of this machine will be 遊雅堂 キャッシュs遊雅堂 キャッシュd and adjus遊雅堂 キャッシュd in confirmation 遊雅堂 キャッシュsts and moved to a megawatt-class solar power plant at Komekurayama in Yamanashi Prefecture. There, it will be connec遊雅堂 キャッシュd to the solar power sys遊雅堂 キャッシュm and the power grid of Tokyo Electric Power Company, and confirmation 遊雅堂 キャッシュsting will be star遊雅堂 キャッシュd to help stabilize fluctuating supply of renewable energy.
Sys遊雅堂 キャッシュm configuration
Outline of the entire sys遊雅堂 キャッシュm
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